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Flash lamp annealing for rapid processing of perovskite solar modules
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells have achieved certified efficiencies of 25.7 % within a decade. This quick development is partially attributed to facile fabrication of high quality, polycrystalline perovskite films by solution-based methods. However, to crystallize the as-deposited perovskite films, post-annealing treatment is required. This is normally done at elevated temperatures (up to 170 °C) for 10 – 30 min, which drastically prolongs the processing time and thus the fabrication cost. Moreover, thermal annealing exposes the underlying layers equally to heat, which potentially harms the heat-sensitive materials in the stack and also limits the choice of materials for perovskite solar cells.
Flash lamp annealing (FLA) is a promising approach to squeeze the annealing time of the as deposited films to seconds, thus enabling a cost-effective production and further offers a new way to fabricate high quality perovskite films rapidly. FLA uses ultra-short pulses of intense broadband light flashes to selectively crystallize the as-deposited layer while keeping the bottom layers relatively intact, which allows using heat-sensitive, flexible substrates for perovskite solar cells fabrication.
Keywords: flash lamp annealing
perovskite solar cells
renewable energy
You will first learn to fabricate perovskite solar cells on glass and flexible substrates, using scalable solution-based coating methods, thermal evaporation, sputtering, etc. After that, you will use flash lamp annealing (FLA) to crystallize your solution-deposited perovskite films. By using advanced
characterization methods (SEM, XRD, PL/TRPL, etc.), you will analyze your perovskite films and optimize your FLA process parameters accordingly. Furthermore, you will apply your FLA-knowledge to perovskite materials of different bandgaps (1.25 eV – 1.85 eV). Finally, you will use the developed FLA-perovskite layers and implement it into perovskite solar cells. In the course of your thesis, you will further learn to use basic techniques to characterize your photovoltaic devices, such as current-voltage scan (JV), UV-Vis photo-spectroscopy, external quantum efficiency (EQE), etc.
You will first learn to fabricate perovskite solar cells on glass and flexible substrates, using scalable solution-based coating methods, thermal evaporation, sputtering, etc. After that, you will use flash lamp annealing (FLA) to crystallize your solution-deposited perovskite films. By using advanced characterization methods (SEM, XRD, PL/TRPL, etc.), you will analyze your perovskite films and optimize your FLA process parameters accordingly. Furthermore, you will apply your FLA-knowledge to perovskite materials of different bandgaps (1.25 eV – 1.85 eV). Finally, you will use the developed FLA-perovskite layers and implement it into perovskite solar cells. In the course of your thesis, you will further learn to use basic techniques to characterize your photovoltaic devices, such as current-voltage scan (JV), UV-Vis photo-spectroscopy, external quantum efficiency (EQE), etc.