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Assessment of environmental performance of alternative buses for Singapore
lectric buses and fuel cell buses can help reduce emissions of road traffic. The primary aim of this project is to compare the emissions of a diesel, an electric and a fuel cell bus driven in Singapore on a 'per km driven' basis using life cycle assessment.
Keywords: Life Cycle Assessment
Electric bus
Fuel cell bus
Transport emission reduction
**About TUMCREATE**
TUMCREATE is a research platform for the improvement of Singapore's public transportation, including the deployment of electric and autonomous mobility. Researchers from Technical University Munich and Nanyang Technological University join forces and are funded by Singapore’s National Research Foundation as part of the Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE).
In TUMCREATE, over 100 scientists, researchers and engineers work together, led by Professors from the Technical University of Munich and Nanyang Technological University. The Mission of TUMCREATE is to seek the ultimate public transport system for the people of Singapore. Our innovative road transport solutions will provide high comfort and a positive travel experience, best protection of the environment and maximum benefit to the society and the economy.
**About this Position:**
The research group Electrification Suite & Test Lab (ESTL) in TUMCREATE puts an emphasis on the interaction of the electricity grid with advanced electrified public transport systems for Singapore. Ranging from charging infrastructure optimisation to demand side management and integration of renewable energies, environmental benefits of transport electrification, ESTL covers many hierarchy levels of the electrification concept in the context of the major goals of TUMCREATE.
A research project has been established evaluate the environmental performance of electric buses in Singapore. About 20 % of greenhouse gases and 39 % of NOx emissions arising from road transport in Singapore comes from its diesel buses. Electric buses and fuel cell buses can help reduce emissions of road traffic. However, the production of electricity and hydrogen generates indirect emissions at their production stage. Hence to be able to quantify the emission saving potential of an electric and fuel cell bus, a well to wheel analysis is required. The driving behaviour and environmental conditions has a great influence on the vehicle’s energy consumption. Thus, it becomes necessary to calculate the energy needs of electric buses specific to Singapore’s conditions.
**Location:** Singapore
**Closing Date:** Open until filled
**Hours:** Full Time
**Duration:** Fixed term (6 months)
**About TUMCREATE**
TUMCREATE is a research platform for the improvement of Singapore's public transportation, including the deployment of electric and autonomous mobility. Researchers from Technical University Munich and Nanyang Technological University join forces and are funded by Singapore’s National Research Foundation as part of the Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE).
In TUMCREATE, over 100 scientists, researchers and engineers work together, led by Professors from the Technical University of Munich and Nanyang Technological University. The Mission of TUMCREATE is to seek the ultimate public transport system for the people of Singapore. Our innovative road transport solutions will provide high comfort and a positive travel experience, best protection of the environment and maximum benefit to the society and the economy.
**About this Position:**
The research group Electrification Suite & Test Lab (ESTL) in TUMCREATE puts an emphasis on the interaction of the electricity grid with advanced electrified public transport systems for Singapore. Ranging from charging infrastructure optimisation to demand side management and integration of renewable energies, environmental benefits of transport electrification, ESTL covers many hierarchy levels of the electrification concept in the context of the major goals of TUMCREATE.
A research project has been established evaluate the environmental performance of electric buses in Singapore. About 20 % of greenhouse gases and 39 % of NOx emissions arising from road transport in Singapore comes from its diesel buses. Electric buses and fuel cell buses can help reduce emissions of road traffic. However, the production of electricity and hydrogen generates indirect emissions at their production stage. Hence to be able to quantify the emission saving potential of an electric and fuel cell bus, a well to wheel analysis is required. The driving behaviour and environmental conditions has a great influence on the vehicle’s energy consumption. Thus, it becomes necessary to calculate the energy needs of electric buses specific to Singapore’s conditions.
**Location:** Singapore **Closing Date:** Open until filled **Hours:** Full Time **Duration:** Fixed term (6 months)
The goal of this master thesis / internship is to evaluate the environmental performance of alternative bus in Singapore. The main tasks are:
1) Developing an energy demand model for the different buses and validating it with the existing energy consumption model,
2) Improving an existing model that evaluates the emissions of diesel and electric bus manufacturing and adopting the model to evaluate the emissions of fuel cell bus production,
3) Build a model to estimate the on road emissions of a diesel bus based on driving behaviour and environmental conditions,
4) Comparison of the environmental performance of a diesel, electric and fuel cell bus on a ‘per km driven’ basis using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) techniques.
The model developed should be completely parameterised to enable changes and scaling in future.
**Requirements:**
• Good knowledge of vehicle energy needs estimation.
• In-depth knowledge in Life Cycle Assessment techniques and well to wheel analysis.
• Knowledge of ecoinvent and SimaPro is preferred.
• Excellent interpersonal skills and communication skills in both written and spoken English and ability to work with people from different backgrounds and cultures
**What we offer:**
• Financial support
• Exposure to the state of the art research topics
• An international and multidisciplinary working environment
• Guidance by researchers from world-renowned universities
• Opportunity for publishing in international journals and conferences
• Multicultural and dynamic working atmosphere
The goal of this master thesis / internship is to evaluate the environmental performance of alternative bus in Singapore. The main tasks are:
1) Developing an energy demand model for the different buses and validating it with the existing energy consumption model, 2) Improving an existing model that evaluates the emissions of diesel and electric bus manufacturing and adopting the model to evaluate the emissions of fuel cell bus production, 3) Build a model to estimate the on road emissions of a diesel bus based on driving behaviour and environmental conditions, 4) Comparison of the environmental performance of a diesel, electric and fuel cell bus on a ‘per km driven’ basis using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) techniques.
The model developed should be completely parameterised to enable changes and scaling in future.
**Requirements:**
• Good knowledge of vehicle energy needs estimation. • In-depth knowledge in Life Cycle Assessment techniques and well to wheel analysis. • Knowledge of ecoinvent and SimaPro is preferred. • Excellent interpersonal skills and communication skills in both written and spoken English and ability to work with people from different backgrounds and cultures
**What we offer:** • Financial support • Exposure to the state of the art research topics • An international and multidisciplinary working environment • Guidance by researchers from world-renowned universities • Opportunity for publishing in international journals and conferences • Multicultural and dynamic working atmosphere
Please send your complete application including cover letter, CV, university transcripts and degree certificates to **Srikkanth.Rama@tum-create.edu.sg**
Please send your complete application including cover letter, CV, university transcripts and degree certificates to **Srikkanth.Rama@tum-create.edu.sg**