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Pesticide policies - adding a spatial dimension
Pesticide use has negative effects on the environment and human health. Impact is though often dependent on landscape characteristics - effective and efficient pesticide policies should therefore consider such characteristics.
Description:
Pesticides are an important input for the production of healthy food in sufficient quantities. Pesticide use though has been shown to have adverse effects on the environment and human health. In Switzerland, especially the pollution of ground- and surface waters by pesticides is in the focus (Wittmer et al. 2014; Doppler et al. 2017). The extent of the pollution of ground- and surface waters through the application of pesticides though heavily depends on landscape characteristics such as slope, soil type or distance to waterbodies, amongst others (Reichenberger et al. 2007). Efficient and effective policies to reduce impacts of pesticide use should therefore take such differences into account. Different policy concepts of how to take spatial characteristics into account are discussed in literature (Falconer 1998; Wätzold and Drechsler 2005; Shortle et al. 2012).
Methods:
Literature review
Literature:
Falconer, K. E. (1998). Managing diffuse environmental contamination from agricultural pesticides: an economic perspective on issues and policy options, with particular reference to Europe. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 69(1), 37-54.
Doppler, T., Wittmer, I., Junghans, M. (2017). Hohe PSM-Belastung in Schweizer Bächen. Aqua & Gas, 4, 56-56.
Reichenberger, S., Bach, M., Skitschak, A., & Frede, H. G. (2007). Mitigation strategies to reduce pesticide inputs into ground-and surface water and their effectiveness; a review. Science of the Total Environment, 384(1), 1-35.
Shortle, J. S., Ribaudo, M., Horan, R. D., & Blandford, D. (2012). Reforming agricultural nonpoint pollution policy in an increasingly budget-constrained environment. Environmental science & technology, 46(3), 1316-1325.
Wätzold, F., & Drechsler, M. (2005). Spatially uniform versus spatially heterogeneous compensation payments for biodiversity-enhancing land-use measures. Environmental and Resource Economics, 31(1), 73-93.
Wittmer, I., Moschet, C., Simovic, J., Singer, H., Stamm, C., Hollender, J., Junghans, M. & Leu, C. (2014). Über 100 Pestizide in Fliessgewässern – Programm Nawa Spez zeigt die hohe Pestizidbelastung der Schweizer Fliessgewässer auf. Aqua & Gas 3, 32-43.
Description: Pesticides are an important input for the production of healthy food in sufficient quantities. Pesticide use though has been shown to have adverse effects on the environment and human health. In Switzerland, especially the pollution of ground- and surface waters by pesticides is in the focus (Wittmer et al. 2014; Doppler et al. 2017). The extent of the pollution of ground- and surface waters through the application of pesticides though heavily depends on landscape characteristics such as slope, soil type or distance to waterbodies, amongst others (Reichenberger et al. 2007). Efficient and effective policies to reduce impacts of pesticide use should therefore take such differences into account. Different policy concepts of how to take spatial characteristics into account are discussed in literature (Falconer 1998; Wätzold and Drechsler 2005; Shortle et al. 2012).
Methods: Literature review
Literature: Falconer, K. E. (1998). Managing diffuse environmental contamination from agricultural pesticides: an economic perspective on issues and policy options, with particular reference to Europe. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 69(1), 37-54.
Doppler, T., Wittmer, I., Junghans, M. (2017). Hohe PSM-Belastung in Schweizer Bächen. Aqua & Gas, 4, 56-56.
Reichenberger, S., Bach, M., Skitschak, A., & Frede, H. G. (2007). Mitigation strategies to reduce pesticide inputs into ground-and surface water and their effectiveness; a review. Science of the Total Environment, 384(1), 1-35.
Shortle, J. S., Ribaudo, M., Horan, R. D., & Blandford, D. (2012). Reforming agricultural nonpoint pollution policy in an increasingly budget-constrained environment. Environmental science & technology, 46(3), 1316-1325.
Wätzold, F., & Drechsler, M. (2005). Spatially uniform versus spatially heterogeneous compensation payments for biodiversity-enhancing land-use measures. Environmental and Resource Economics, 31(1), 73-93.
Wittmer, I., Moschet, C., Simovic, J., Singer, H., Stamm, C., Hollender, J., Junghans, M. & Leu, C. (2014). Über 100 Pestizide in Fliessgewässern – Programm Nawa Spez zeigt die hohe Pestizidbelastung der Schweizer Fliessgewässer auf. Aqua & Gas 3, 32-43.
Goal of the thesis is to discuss policy concepts and tools for the reduction of environmental externalities of input use in agriculture. Focus should be laid on concepts and tools that explicitly take into account spatial characteristics and on the identification of the latter. The example of pesticide use and its effects on the pollution of ground- and surface waters in Switzerland should be used as a case study.
Goal of the thesis is to discuss policy concepts and tools for the reduction of environmental externalities of input use in agriculture. Focus should be laid on concepts and tools that explicitly take into account spatial characteristics and on the identification of the latter. The example of pesticide use and its effects on the pollution of ground- and surface waters in Switzerland should be used as a case study.
Niklas Möhring (nmoehring@ethz.ch)
Solen Le Clech' (solenle@ethz.ch)
Niklas Möhring (nmoehring@ethz.ch) Solen Le Clech' (solenle@ethz.ch)